Browning pistol Caliber 9mm - HISTORICAL REVIEW 2021

The First World War was the definitive consecration of the automatism in portable weapons and the great powers up to that time users of revolvers turn to the tendency of equipping their troops with semiautomatic pistols as individual fist weapons.
Taking the lessons of war as an experience, the French Ministry of War, in 1923 called a tender to provide its armed forces with a regulatory weapon that possessed the following characteristics:

a) Reduced weight (not exceeding 1 kg).
b) Large load capacity (more than 10 cartridges).
c) He had to shoot a cartridge with high stopping power.
d) Must have efficient insurance and adequate locking.

In view of such demands, the Fabrique Nationale D Armes De Guerre Societe Anonime located in the city of Herstal Lez Liege decided to submit to this tender commissioning the North American designer John Moses BROWNING who worked in that company to create a semiautomatic pistol that meets the characteristics before described.
Browning is inspired by its design of the well-known COLT 45 caliber ACP pistol but it further refines its mechanisms by providing the weapon with a staggered loader with an initial capacity of 16 rounds. The first prototype was designed in 1923 using the 9 x 19 mm caliber that was designed by the Austrian gunsmith George LUGER. Between the year 1923 and 1926, this prototype goes suffering improvements and modifications until in this last year passes away Browning and his main disciple Diendonne SAIVE who gives the final points to the design of the weapon taking definitive form in the year 1935 with the denomination Pistol Browning GP 35 (Grand Puissance - Great Power).
Browning presents his prototype at the US Patent Office On June 28, 1926, the patent was granted on February 22, 1927, under number 1,610,510.
The GP 35 model is very similar to the model used today in our institution thanks to the fact that, like in many countries of the world, in Argentina, this popular pistol is manufactured under a license from FN (although the license was currently revoked).
In 1936, it was decided to examine different types of semiautomatic pistols with a view to incorporating them as personal. The following pistols participated in these tests: a) COLT MODEL COMMANDER.
b) WALTHER MODEL P.38
c) SMITH & WESSON MODEL 39.
d) BROWNING GP 35.

All in caliber 9 x 19 mm. 

After 7 tests to which it was submitted to the guns indicated above and the balance of the result emerged that the Browning GP 35 pistol surpassed the other weapons so from 1969 the Federal Police Argentina adopted to provide it to its members.

JOHN MOSES BROWNING

He was born on January 21, 1855, in Odgen Utah USA. And he died on November 26, 1926, in his workshop of the FN of Belgium at the age of 71 years of a heart attack. He was a descendant of a family belonging to the Church of the Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) and learned the trade of gunsmith along with his brothers from his father, standing out among his brothers for his creative ability.
I work for the Colt and Winchester houses and due to money differences, I stop working for them towards the end of the century and in the meantime, I met an executive of the FN who was on a business trip through the USA. in which he appreciated the enormous capacity of this great gunsmith and invited him to go to Belgium to work in the FN, moving to that country where he lived until his death.
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TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUN

· Caliber: 9 mm.
· Total length of the weapon: 197 mm.
· Length of the barrel: 118 mm.
· Striped barrel length: 110 mm.
· Weapon height without scales with the magazine: 127.5 mm.
· Weapon width with handle: 36 mm.
· Number of grooves: 6.
· Stretch direction: Right.
· Step of the grooves: 250 mm.
· Weight of the weapon with empty magazine: 910 grams.
· Weight of the weapon with full magazine (13 cartridges): 1,050 grams.

CARTRIDGE

· Caliber: 9 mm. Parabellum.
· Cartridge length: 29.2 mm.
· Length of the armored bullet: 15.25 mm.
· Weight of the cartridge: 12,10 grams.
· Weight of powder charge without smoke: 0.40 grams.
· Bullet weight: 8 grams.
· Density of section: 12.6 gr./cm².

BALLISTIC DATA

· Initial speed: 350 meters / sec.
· Speed ​​at 12.50 meters: 340 meters / sec.
· Live force in the mouth: 50 kgm.
· Maximum pressure: Less than 2,500kg / cm².
· Effective scope: 70 mts.
· Maximum scope: 2,000 meters.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GUN

The Browning GP 35 pistol 9 x 19 mm. is a semiautomatic weapon with simple action and operation by short recoil of the barrel, it is a weapon of great power, easy handling, extremely robust and great load capacity.
In its previous part, surrounding the canyon it presents a projection or ring called BOCACHA whose function is to protect the muzzle of a fall or blow.
In the upper front part is the rounded fixed-type dash, approximately in the middle of the slide (moving part) on the right side is the ejection window that allows seeing the numbers of the weapon (repeated in the slide, barrel, and frame).
Immediately behind the ejection window is the extractor nail (external as opposed to the original model).
On both sides of the rear part of the slide the Sagrado can be seen, which makes it easier to take it and drive it backward.
At the same height of the lateral segregation of the slide but in the upper part of this, in the weapons of the endowment of the PFA, the emblem of the institution is observed.
In the upper rear part of the slide, the lift is located with a narrow slot of fixed type.
Behind the slide, the hammer is observed, with Sagrado in the superior part.
By mounting the hammer you can see the heel of the percussion needle and the fixing plate of the same.
Immediately below the hammer, a protuberance is observed that prevents the latter from biting the hand when mounting it.
The middle left side of the weapon is the bolt axle retainer of the slide and the same side but located further back is the lock of the sear that is driven up. Likewise, the disengagement and insurance locks of the sear are observed in the slide.

Observing the segregation of the slide we can see the hollow bolt of the rocker arm and in the upper part of it the hollow bolt of the extractor nail.
In the armor, we find the trigger guard arc, the tail of the trigger and immediately behind the left side the stub retainer pin. The weapon features high impact plastic grips held by a screw on each side of the handle. The grips have a segmented diamond. The magazine store (type pouch) has a capacity of 13 cartridges located in staggered. At the base of it, we see a plate that is secured with a central lug.
The left handle has a rebate on its lower rear edge, where the rhubarb ring was originally located.
The exterior surface finish of the weapon is opaque black phosphating.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE WEAPON 

A) SLIDING
The elongated metal part, with inverted "U" section, called mobile part of the weapon in whose upper part is located the pointing devices already described and that houses inside the barrel, spring recuperator of slide and guide of said spring. It has grooves on its inner lower walls where the frame guides run. On the lower left side, the slide has three recesses, from front to back, a recess where the slide is locked by the bolt axis retainer slide on the last shot, leaving the magazine empty, then there are two recesses where the insurance acts of the sear to lock the movement of the slide. In its lower part presents the side where the window of expulsion the cam of the sear or rocker and the other side the groove where the dripper runs, in its middle part the slide has the projections and recesses where the barrel is locked. You can also see the shoulder where the cartridge base located in the bedroom supports the hole where the percussion needle appears. On the right side of the slide is the extractor with its internal spring not visible on the back of the slide is the firing pin of the firing pin and inside its housing is the same with its corresponding recoil spring. You can also see the shoulder where the cartridge base located in the bedroom supports the hole where the percussion needle appears. On the right side of the slide is the extractor with its internal spring not visible on the back of the slide is the firing pin of the firing pin and inside its housing is the same with its corresponding recoil spring. You can also see the shoulder where the cartridge base located in the bedroom supports the hole where the percussion needle appears. On the right side of the slide is the extractor with its internal spring not visible on the back of the slide is the firing pin of the firing pin and inside its housing is the same with its corresponding recoil spring.

B) AMAZON
The metal part in the shape of "T" called fixed part of the weapon that presents the following details: in its upper and middle-upper

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 part, it presents the guides through which the slide slides. Immediately below the middle guides, there is a hole where the pin retaining spindle of the slide is located and on the left side more back, a notch that houses the rear arm of the bolt shaft retainer slide. In the middle internal part of the frame we can see the top of the anvil, in the upper rear section we have the button and in the same sector, central part, we see the sear with its tooth located in the front right part of it. Finally in the back part is the hammer with its safety notch and its notch of armed. On the left rear side is located the safety lever that is operated upwards, only if the hammer is mounted or at the first break. In the front internal part of the warehouse housing, the charger's latch is located, which, when pressed, forces the disconnector to adopt the appropriate position to operate the rocker arm. In the rear part of the magazine store, we see the real spring that gives tension to the sear and immediately behind the spring of the hammer. The actual spring is anchored in its lower internal rear part of the magazine housing. For its part, the spring of the hammer is anchored in a notch located in the middle internal part of the rear handle. Behind the tail of the trigger and the trigger guard on the left side of the handle, we find the retainer lug which, when pressed, slides transversely from left to right, displacing a tooth that engages in a notch made for this purpose in the magazine. On the sides of the handle, the plastic handles are held by screws.

C) CANYON
Its anterior part is cylindrical, increasing its section in its rear part, in the upper-middle sector we find the shoulders and recesses where the barrel is screwed with the slide. Immediately afterward we find the bedroom observing in its upper rear part a shoulder that fits in a recess made for that purpose in the shoulder of the slide. In its lower part, we observe the access ramp, which allows the correct feeding of the bullet cartridge. Inside the chamber, we observe the step where the mouth of the sheath stops when the cartridge is inserted. In the lower part of the barrel, we see the anvil with the oblique groove that allows the locking and unfastening of the weapon and that works in the anvil support that we saw in the frame and the front face of the anvil is the housing of the guide of the recuperating spring. Internally the six striations are seen destrogiro. The barrel is built-in steel-vanadium.

D) RECOVERY SPRING
This coiled spring with 32 turns allows the retrieval of the slide and acts around a cylinder called "Retrieval spring guide" or "Spike". One end of the spring is slightly narrower to fit the guide perfectly. Inside the guide has a spiral spring enclosed at both ends by a metal ball. The head of the recoil spring guide rests on the front face of the anvil and has a ring through which the sliding shaft pin is inserted, being fixed that the metal ball of the head of the guide fits into a recess of the retaining shaft pin of sliding.

E) BOLT AXIS RETEN DE CORREDERA
It is a cylindrical metal part with two arms in the shape of "T", it acts by breaking the recoil and retaining the slide. In the cylindrical part we see a recess where the described metallic ball fits and at the end of the said cylindrical part has a lug that can be used to slide the fixing plate of the percussion needle. The rear arm of the retaining pin has a protrusion that when activated by the cartridge lifter of the magazine (once it is empty) will cause the shaft pin to stop the slide lock the same leaving the weapon open.

F) WAREHOUSE CHARGER
It is of pouch type, metallic presenting in its upper part two fins called lips, with the adequate separation to hold the cartridges in a natural position, which are accommodated inside the loader in alternate double row or quincunx. On the right side wall, the magazine has a groove or hole where the magazine retainer acts. Inside we see in the upper part the cartridge lifter, an irregular piece of plastic material in the lower part of which has two protuberances where the spiral spring is supported. The lower part of the magazine is closed by a metal plate that slides back and forth thanks to a flange on the lower end of the magazine.

GUN INSURANCE

The Browning GP 35 pistol has three insurances, namely:

· Lock of the sear
Actuates when being slid up blocking the movement of the sear. It can only be placed with the hammer mounted or in the position of the first rest. It also locks the movement of the slide by fitting it into a notch.

· Charger
lock It consists of a shoe that is depressed when the charger is inserted in its housing, which causes the disconnector to assume the proper position to operate the sear cam, therefore when removing the magazine the disconnector moves obliquely forward interrupting so the shooting cycle.

· First rest insurance
The hammer has two notches, a notch of armed and a notch of security that avoids that a shot takes place in case of a bad maneuver is made when assembling the hammer since when falling the sear locks it into the safety notch or first rest before it hits the heel of the percussion needle.

PRIMARY DISARMING

1) The retainer pin is pressed and the magazine is removed, the cartridge is removed from the chamber and visually examined after three slides.
2) Taking the slide firmly by its segrinado one slides it back to its position more delayed locking the same raising the insurance of the fiador on the banjo arranged for such aim.
3) The sliding shaft pin is slightly raised and pushed from right to left by pulling it out.
4) The latch is lowered releasing the slide and slides it forward until it is completely removed, thus separating the moving part of the weapon from the fixed part.
5) We turn the slide and slightly compressing the recuperating spring we unfasten the guide of the same from its support on the anvil, completely removes the spring recuperator of slide and guide.
6) Take the barrel forward and pull it out of the slide.

LOADING AND UNLOADING

1. Once the magazine has been fully loaded, in the event that the weapon has been opened, it is inserted and the slide is released by activating its retaining pin.
2. In this way, we have introduced a bullet cartridge in the chamber and the weapon is assembled ready to open fire when we activate the trigger tail.
3. In the event that the weapon is closed once the magazine is inserted, the slide is firmly taken by its segregation and with a vigorous movement, the slide is moved backward releasing it when making a stop (this movement must not be accompanied), in this way the gun is mounted and ready to fire.
4. If you do not want to shoot immediately you can place the sear lock.
5. If you want to keep the gun with the cartridge in the chamber, proceed to take the hammer firmly and then press the trigger tail, while lowering the hammer gently. In this way, the weapon is in statutory conditions of portation and if you want to shoot at that moment it is enough to assemble the hammer and press the tail of the trigger.
6. If you wish to unload the weapon, the magazine is removed, the slide is pressed firmly backward, thus removing the cartridge housed in the chamber. As a safety measure, it is recommended to operate it several times and then control the visual chamber to verify that it is actually unloaded.

SHOT CYCLE

With cartridge to the bulletin bedroom and hammer mounted the tail of the trigger is pressed by overcoming the resistance of its spring, the anterior part descends while the posterior ascends. The "Cola de Piano" spring also has an arm designed to recover the tail of the trigger and a rear arm designed to function as a disconnector, partly located in the upper right rear part of the trigger.
When ascending the aforementioned arm causes the disconnector to also rise vertically.
When ascending the disconnect activates the rocker or cam of the sear which by having an axis in its middle part will swing ascending its front part and descending its back part.
The rocker arm is connected to the upper right front part of the sear by means of a tooth which in turn touches a similar protrusion in the sear (tooth assembly).
Thus the sear with a tilting movement descends in its front part and ascends in its back part, overcoming the resistance provided by the real spring and releasing its assembling tooth from the notch of the hammer.
When the hammer is released, it will move violently forward due to the action of its tension spring and with its impact area, it will impact against the heel of the percussion needle which will move rectilinearly forward compressing its recovery spring.
With its tip, the hammer will strike against the capsule sinking it until it hits the anvil producing due to that friction the ignition of the same and thus initiating a fire that will be transmitted through the ear or ears to the propellant charge.
The deflagration of the gunpowder is then produced, releasing gases that generate pressure in all directions, being circumferentially counteracted by the walls of the chamber, the gases expand towards the place that offers the least resistance. In this case, the bullet that emerges from the pod starts its movement forward and already transformed into a projectile, it takes the rifled barrel that gives it a gyroscopic movement (rotation) initiating towards the outside (translation) simultaneously. The gases exert an equal but diametrically opposed force pressed on the shell of the sheath and is on the front face of the bolt or shoulder causing the slide to move backward which with its rear part in the bottom-mounted hammer.
At the same time the extractor nail that had the scabbard taken by the throat, dragged it until the left part of the bib with the Contador collided, being ejected by pirouetting through the ejector window.
Meanwhile, the barrel recoils about 5 mm. and by the inclined shape of the lower notch of the anvil working on the support of the anvil existing in the frame, it descends allowing the weapon to be unlocked.
Completing its movement backwards by the pressure of the recuperator spring, the slide returns to its place and in its forward movement the shoulder will dislodge the first cartridge presented by the loading magazine, push it in the direction of the access ramp, making it go up it, Simultaneously, the extractor finger takes the throat of the cartridge that is inserted in the chamber.
For its part, the barrel will rise again and will move forward sealing the chamber and being locked again at the mercy of the loops and rebates of locking.
At this moment the weapon is ready to make a new shot, resuming the cycle.